Articles
-
ArticleDisentangling microbiota-dependent and -independent impacts of antibiotics on host physiology
Antibiotics are believed to affect host physiology by altering the gut microbiota. However, it remains unclear which effects of antibiotics are microbiota dependent and which are microbiota independent. Here we present a resource encompassing host and microbiota responses to antibiotic treatment and a computational tool with which to analyse them.
-
ArticleFaecalibacterium prausnitzii EXL01 Strain for the prevention of multiple-recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection
Recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (rCDI) results from persistent microbiome dysfunction and impaired colonization resistance. Although fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is effective, defined and scalable alternatives are needed. We evaluated whether a single commensal strain could restore key microbiome functions and prevent recurrence.
-
ArticleVoluntary attention regulates acute immune responses in humans
Attention is a central mechanism for prioritizing and shaping sensory information. For example, directing attention away from injury reduces perceived pain. Whether such cognitive modulation extends to downstream biological processes has remained unknown. Here, across three pre-registered within-subjects experiments using acute skin inflammation as a model system, we show that directing attention towards bodily sensations, compared to attentional distraction, produces markedly more regulated immune responses, with distinct temporal dynamics.
-
ArticleMaternal influences on infant gut microbiome and health
We observe that the maternal gut microbiome undergoes only subtle changes during pregnancy and postpartum, influenced by diet, infections and pre-pregnancy smoking. The maternal gut microbiome is a major reservoir for infant gut strains, with only occasional transmission from vaginal and breast milk microbiomes. Mother–infant gut strain sharing is time dependent, and higher maternal gut species abundance increases the likelihood of strain transmission. We find that the maternal gut microbiome is a predictor of infant eczema. Mode of delivery and feeding mode primarily shaped the infant gut microbiome and its functional profiles, with maternal exposures also having a role.
-
ArticleGenetic dissection of stool frequency implicates vitamin B1 metabolism and other actionable pathways in the modulation of gut motility
Background Genetic studies of stool frequency (SF), an indirect proxy for gastrointestinal transit, may reveal therapeutically tractable pathways relevant to IBS and other dysmotility disorders. Objective To identify genes and mechanisms involved in gut motility, providing a foundation for clinical translation.
-
ArticleBarking up the microbiome tree: a multi-body-site characterization of maternal postpartum and pup early colonization dynamics
Early-life microbial colonization is critical for shaping host development, yet how different maternal microbial reservoirs contribute to colonization of distinct offspring body sites remains poorly understood. Here, we explored microbial colonization and maturation of oral and rectal microbiota in puppies during the first postnatal week and assessed the contributions of maternal oral, vaginal, rectal, and milk microbiota to early colonization.
-
ArticleBiogeography-associated emergence of enhanced oxygen tolerance in the abundant human gut commensal Segatella copri
Highlights The oxygen tolerance of S. copri is controlled by the transcriptional regulator PerR PerR is conserved and critical for gut colonization, whereas OxyR prevalence varies OxyR was likely acquired via horizontal gene transfer from other Bacteroidales OxyR+ strains tolerate oxygen better and are enriched in industrialized populations
-
ArticleLong-lasting gut microbiome and fecal metabolome alterations after colorectal adenoma removal and their relationship to colorectal cancer
Highlights Тhe gut microbiome a decade after adenoma resection partially resembles that in CRC Аdenoma-CRC shared microbes strongly correlate with lifestyle factors Sphingolipid enrichment characterizes the adenoma fecal metabolome Adenoma-specific microbe-metabolite links emerge independent of abundance shifts
-
ArticleProbiotic formula intervention in infants leads to colonization and competitive strain displacement independent of IgA binding
Early-life microbiota assembly is affected by environmental exposure, diet, and immunity. We performed shotgun metagenomics sequencing of fecal samples (N=401) from a controlled infant intervention trial to evaluate how pre- and probiotic exposure affects bacterial strain dynamics, maternal-to-offspring strain transmissibility, strain persistence, and host immune responses. Species- and strain-level analyses revealed that the early-life intervention with Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis (BL subsp. infantis), Bifidobacterium breve, and galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) replaced main resident strains of these species unlike breast-feeding and exclusive infant formula.
-
ArticleMulti-cohort proteogenomic analyses reveal genetic effects across the proteome and diseasome
Highlights Proteogenomic evidence from the largest multi-cohort (n = 38) study to datе Identification of genes, pathways, and cell types that modulate circulating protein levels Circulating protein signatures with genetic evidence that inform drug repurposing Proteogenomic insights into mechanisms underlying diverse diseases
